[发明专利]改性桑枝韧皮纤维素‑纳米银协同抗菌材料及其制备方法

说明书

技术领域

本发明属于抗细菌药技术领域，具体涉及一种改性桑枝韧皮纤维素-纳米银协同抗菌材料及其制备方法。

背景技术

环境中细菌与人类健康密切相关，这使得消除疾病、控制疾病方面的研究变得非常重要(Sterilizable Gels from Thermoresponsive Block Copolymer Worms,A.Blanazs,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,2012,134(23),9741)。为此，人们付出了巨大努力开发能够抗多种抗生素耐药性的新型抗菌剂(Synthesized tyrosyl ydroxyphenylacetate,a novel antioxidant,anti-stress and antibacterial compound,Process Biochem.,2012,47(12),2536；Enzymatic synthesis and antibacterial activity of andrographolide derivatives,I.Aissa,Process Biochem.,2011,46(8),1649；Antibiotic-loaded biomaterials and the risks for the spread of antibiotic resistance following their prophylactic and therapeutic clinical use,D.Campoccia,Biomaterials，2010,31(25),6363)。目前，开发新型抗菌剂主要由以下两种方法：一种是合成新抗生素，但其成本较高，且长期使用细菌会产生耐药性；另一种是无机抗菌剂，无机抗菌剂具有广谱抗菌性、药效持久和良好的耐热性等方面优点(Preparation of copper nanoparticles coated cellulose films with antibacterial properties through one-step reduction,B.Jia,ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces,2012,4(6),2897；Selective biofunctional modification of titanium implants for osteogenic and antibacterial applications,S.Qian,J.Mater.Chem.B,2014,43,7475；Prompt and synergistic antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticle-decorated silica hybrid particles on air filtration,Y.S.Ko,J.Mater.Chem.B,2014,39,2897)。

纳米银是优异的抗菌剂，具有良好的生物相容性和渗透细菌细胞膜的能力(Research on the Dynamic Configuration of Air-Based Pseudolite Network,D.Li,Process Biochem.,2015,50,357；Lysozyme Catalyzes the Formation of Antimicrobial Silver Nanoparticles,D.M.Eby,ACS Nano,2009,3(4),984)。然而，由于表面积较大，纳米银容易聚集并形成较大的簇(Silver nanoparticles in the environment,S.J.Yu,Sci.Processes Impacts,2013,1,78)，导致其抗菌性较差。也有将纳米银和有机材料复合来制备抗菌材料的，如刘利等将直径为30nm的纳米银紧密地锚定在烷基N,N-二甲基磷酸锆(ZRDP)上得到烷基N,N-二甲基磷酸锆银(Ag-ZRDP)，纳米银的负载量为wt0.4％的Ag-ZRDP对金黄色葡萄球菌ATCC25923和大肠杆菌JM109的最小抑菌浓度分别为0.75μg/mL和1μg/mL，(Study on the synergistic antibacterial effect of silver-carried layered zirconium alkyl-N,N-dimethylenephosphonate,Li Liu,Inorganica Chimica Acta，2015,435(24),66-72)。但是，该产品的原料八水二氯氧化锆有毒，存在安全隐患；且锆为稀有金属，成本高。

发明内容